Madman's Diary was Lu Xun's first short story. It is also the first story written in modern Chinese and as such was ground breaking in itself. It still is pertinent today. Recently an article in the Op-Ed section of the sunday LA Times quoted the last line from this story. That article was about the recent revelations about orphanages in China. The last line from the story is about save the children.
The story tells of the narrator's visit to his old friend. He learns that his friend's brother had had some mental problems but got better and took a job in another city. During the time of his illness the brother kept a diary that the narrator was allowed to read. This is the Madman's Diary of the title and makes up the bulk of the story.
The brother's diary tells of his growing obsession with cannabalism. He begins to think that everyone around is a cannibal and that his time is coming up next, to either eat or be eaten. He prefers the later and becomes resigned to his fate. The last line he states that there are children who have not yet eaten human flesh.