One story (that probably originates from the West) suggests that Confucius developed the game about 500 BC. The appearance of the game in other provinces coincides with Confucius' travels, as he was teaching his doctrine. It is even suggested that the "dragon" tiles symbolize the three cardinal virtues (see below).
Another theory suggests the game evolved from the card game ma diao (hanging horse) during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). The card game used suits, numbers and flowers, not unlike to today's Mahjong. Bone tiles were introduced instead of cards, as that was a convenient method to clearly see all the tiles that were discarded, and for players to see their own hands.
For centuries, Mahjong remained the exclusive pastime of the royal class. It has even been said that it was against the law for commoners to play-and that decapitation was the penalty for commoners who dared to play. However, around 500 AD, the penalty was lifted, which enabled everyone to play Mahjong.
