Between the 1920 and 1930, the permanent wave appeared in large cities such as Shanghai, Beijing and Nanjing. Female fashion slaves swarmed to the hairdressers to have their hair waved and some had dye—jobs. Calendars published in Shanghai mostly had paintings of fashionable beauties in the waved hairstyle. One of the reasons that Shanghai's Meily cigarettes sold better than Tianjin's Qianmen-brand cigarettes was because its packages all bore paintings of fashionable beauties sporting a permanent wave.
