3. The Chinese words are isolated words. The relations among the words are constituted mainly through the use of the functional words and the word order.
Some people have divided all the languages in the world on the basis of their words into four categories. The first category had “isolated words” or “scattered words”. The second category had “deflective words”, including Russian, English, German, Arabic, etc. The third category has “adhesive words”, including Turkish, Japanese, Uygurian and Korean. The fourth category has “woven words” or “multi synthetic words”, such as the language among the American Indians. The Chinese language has “isolated words” or “scattered words”. Just put some scattered words in a row, and they will have grammatical relations. Each Chinese word seems to have a “solder” on it. When the Chinese words are put together, they will be welded into a whole. No ado is required. This characteristic contributes to the succinctness of the Chinese language.
One important characteristic of the Chinese language is the employment of word order and the functional words to express the word relationships. Word order refers to the arrangement of words in a sentence. In the following two examples , different grammatical senses are expressed by different arrangement of words : “太阳红” (Sun gets red) and “红太阳” ( Red sun) and “叶子绿” (Leaves get green) and “绿叶子” ( green leaves ) . Through the different 
word orders a different grammatical relationship is expressed.
Other examples are : “难者不会， 会者不难” (The baffled is not expert . The expert is not baffled) “骄傲不进步，进步不骄傲” ( The arrogant person can not make progress ; the person making progress in not arrogant ) and 来者不善，善者不来“” (The person coming on is not weak , the weak person does not come on ). Although the words are the same, yet due to different arrangement the first clause expresses a very different meaning from the second clause of the sentence. On the other hand functional words are used to express word relationships. As quoted below , the same words in the phrase “写字” (write words ) , will express quite different meanings when functional words are inserted . For example . “写了字” (has written words) “写过字” (wrote words ) and “写着字” (writing words ) express different meanings 。
