The Great Wall is an extremely great military project constructed in ancient China . It starts from Shanhai Pass in 
Hebei province , passes through Shanxi , Inner Mongolia , Shaanxi , and Ningxia , and ends at Jiayu Pass in Gansu , with an aggregate length of over 12,000 li (1 li = 1/2km ) . The construction of the Great Wall started during the Warring States period for defence against the northern tribes and continued in the Qin Dynasty . Then , the Great Wall extended from Lintao at west to Liaodong at east . The present Great Wall was completed in the Ming Dynasty following the construction work done in the past dynasties of Qin , Han , Northern Wei , Northern Qi , Sui , Song and Yuan .
The construction work of the Great Wall went through more than 2,000 years . Every stone , brick , lumber , and bit of earth of it embodies the stamina and intelligence of the Chinese nation . It was a great achievement of the ancient Chinese engineering . It is one of the great wonders in the world .
The Dharma King Temple Pagoda is situated to the north of the city wall of Dengfeng county in Henan province . It 
was initiated in year 14 of the reign of Yongping (71 A. D.) in the Han Dynasty , being one of the oldest Chinese Buddhist Temples .
The temple consists of two parts , the temple and the pagoda , both of which were built in the Mindy nasty . There are three single-eave gates of the temple , according to the “Records of Reconstruction of Dharma King Temple .” One of the gates was constructed during the reign of Hongzhi (1488-1505) in the Ming Dynasty , being the oldest wooden structure of the temple .
One the slope to the north of the temple is located the pagoda yard which is a 15-storey dense-eaves square pagoda beside three small single-storey stupas . The pagoda stands 40m-plus high , with a straight outer wall and brick flying eaves, which shrink back at every upper storey . The entire pagoda is straight and elegant , one of the best dense-eaves square pagodas now existent . At the ground storey is an arched door . At all the upper storeys are arched windows .
Mount Maiji (Mt. Wheat Haystack) Grottos are one of the four most famous grottos in China , lying in the southeast of Tianshui city in Gansu province ; The mount is an isolated peak on the West Qinling mountain range in the shape of a tremendous wheat haystack .
The Grottos here were first excavated roughly during the Later Qin Dynasty (384-417) and grew gradually in scale until they became an aggregation of many grotto complexes , with Buddha statues placed in the cubicles cut on the precipices and with a plank roadway zigzagging around the cliffs leading to them.
